Raspberry Pi

Install Raspberry Pi OS without monitor or keyboard

  1. First, visit this link Raspberry Pi Imager to download Raspberry Pi Imager.

  2. Insert your microSD card into a card reader and connect it to your computer. Then, launch the Raspberry Pi Imager application.

  3. Configure the following settings in the Raspberry Pi Imager:

    • Raspberry Pi Device: Select the device model you are using.

    • Raspberry Pi OS: Select Raspberry Pi OS 64 bit

    • Storage: Select your microSD card.

  4. Click Next, then proceed to Edit Settings. In the settings window:

    • General tab:

      • Set a hostname.

      • Configure a username and password.

      • Connect to your Wi-Fi network (make sure the Wi-Fi network matches the one your computer is using).

    • Services tab: Enable SSH.

  5. After configuring the settings, click Save and confirm with Yes when prompted. Finally, allow the program to write the operating system to the microSD card.

Boot Raspberry Pi

  1. Insert the microSD card into the Raspberry Pi board before connecting the power supply.

  2. Connect a power source 5V (minimum 3A) to the Raspberry Pi.

  3. Observe the green LED on the board. It should start blinking, indicating that the system is booting.

Find Raspberry Pi address and use SSH

  1. Go to User/user_name/.ssh, remove all file in this folder

  2. Visit this link to download Angry IP Scanner.

  3. Install and launch the application.

  4. Use it to scan for IP addresses on your network.

  5. Look for the hostname that matches the Raspberry Pi username you set earlier. This will help you identify your Raspberry Pi’s IP address.

  6. Open the terminal (or Command Prompt on Windows).

  7. Use the following command to connect to your Raspberry Pi via SSH:

    ssh username@ip-address

Example: ssh Pi@192.168.1.9

  8. Then type Yes and type your password and terminal change to Pi user

Enable VNC and use VNCTiger

Note

This instruction is for operating systems with a GUI. If your operating system does not have a GUI, please refer to the serial communication instructions.

  1. When you are logged in as pi@raspberrypi, run the following command to open the Raspberry Pi configuration tool:

    sudo raspi-config

  2. Configure the settings as follows:

    • Interface Options:

      • Select VNC and press Enter.

      • Choose Yes to enable VNC.

    • System Options:

      • Select Boot/Auto login.

      • Choose Desktop Auto login and press Enter.

  3. Navigate to Finish and confirm with Yes to reboot the Raspberry Pi and close terminal.

  4. Visit this link to download TigerVNC.

  5. Install and launch the application.

  6. Enter the VNC server address (e.g., the IP address of your Raspberry Pi) and proceed.

  7. Confirm any prompts with Yes until the VNC authentication window appears.

  8. Enter the username and password you set for your Raspberry Pi to connect to the server.

Command for terminal

Shut down command

  • Shut down now
    sudo shutdown now

  • shut down after 5 minutes

    sudo shutdown +5

  • shut down at specific time

    sudo shutdown 23:00

Reboot Command

sudo reboot

Power off command

sudo poweroff

Install gpiozero library for ubuntu sever OS

sudo apt install python3-gpiozero

Install i2c-tools

  1. Install i2c-tools

    sudo apt install -y i2c-tools python3-smbus

  2. Enable I2C in system

    sudo nano /boot/firmware/config.txt

    Add this line at the end of file (if not exist)

    dtparam=i2c_arm=on

    Save and exit file.

  3. Check I2C status

    sudo nano /etc/modules

    Add these lines below to it if not exist yet

    i2c-bcm2835
i2c-dev

  4. Reboot Raspberry Pi

  5. Check I2C

    Check I2C is active or not

    ls /dev/i2c-*

    Scan I2C slave

    sudo i2cdetect -y 1

Install LCD for Raspberry Pi

  1. Install RPLCD library

  2. Demonstration code

    from RPLCD.i2c import CharLCD
import time

# Init LCD
lcd = CharLCD('PCF8574', 0x27)

# Clear display
lcd.clear()

lcd.write_string("Hello, World!")

time.sleep(5)

lcd.clear()
lcd.write_string("Raspberry Pi I2C")

Connect Raspberry Pi 3 B+ and Laptop via UART (Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm))

  1. Update your system’s package

    sudo apt-get update

  2. Connect usb UART between laptop and Raspberry Pi and open putty with baudrate = 115200

  3. Open config.txt file.

    sudo nano /boot/firmware/config.txt

    Add line below to the end of file.

    enable_uart=1
dtoverlay=disable-bt
init_uart_baud=115200 #Very important to configure baudrate

    Save and exit file.

  4. Reboot Raspberry Pi

    sudo reboot

  5. Check port dev/tty

    ls /dev/tty*

    UART0 = /dev/ttyS0

  6. Disable the console

    sudo systemctl stop serial-getty@ttyS0.service
sudo systemctl disable serial-getty@ttyS0.service

  7. Open cmdline.txt file.

    sudo nano /boot/firmware/cmdline.txt

    You will see something like this

    console=serial0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=faa9906f-02 rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes rootwait cfg80211.ieee80211_regdom=VN

    remove the line:

    console=serial0,115200

Save and reboot Raspberry Pi

  8. Enable the Serial Console edit the file using

    sudo nano /boot/firmware/cmdline.txt

    console=serial0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=faa9906f-02 rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes rootwait cfg80211.ieee80211_regdom=VN

    Exit and save your changes. Reboot for the changes to take effect.

Reference:

Link 1 How to setup the UART on Raspberry Pi 3

Link 2 `Serial communication over UART Raspberry Pi 4<https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=307094>`_

Link 3 Serial Console to Raspberry Pi

Connect to new available wifi

  • Check connection

    nmcli connection show

  • List of available Wifi

    nmcli device wifi list

  • Connect to one wifi

    sudo nmcli device wifi connect "my_wifi_network" password "my_password"

  • Delete wifi out of list

    sudo nmcli connection delete uuid <uuid here>

Install Visual Studio Code on an Ubuntu Server without a GUI

You can use VS Code Remote Development by connecting to your server via SSH from another machine that has the VS Code GUI. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

  1. Install Visual Studio Code on Your Personal Computer

  2. Install the Remote Development Extension in VS Code

    • Open VS Code on your personal computer

    • Open the Extensions Marketplace (press Ctrl+Shift+X or click the Extensions icon in the sidebar).

    • Search for and install the Remote - SSH extension.

    • After installation, you’ll see a >< icon in the sidebar. Click on this icon.

  3. Install VS Code Tools on Ubuntu Server via SSH

    • SSH into your Ubuntu Server from your personal computer:

      ssh username@your_server_ip

    • Install OpenSSH on the server (if it’s not already installed) to enable SSH connections:

      sudo apt update
sudo apt install openssh-server

    • Check the SSH service status:

      sudo systemctl status ssh

    • Make sure the SSH service is running. If it’s not, start it:

      sudo systemctl start ssh

  4. Use VS Code to Connect to Ubuntu Server via SSH

    • In VS Code on your personal computer, open the Remote Explorer.

    • Click the + button to add a new SSH connection.

    • Enter the Ubuntu server’s username and IP address.

    • Provide the password when prompted, or configure the connection with an SSH key.

  5. Edit and Work Remotely on the Server

Once connected, you can edit files on the server as if you’re working locally. VS Code on your personal computer will interact with the files on your Ubuntu Server through SSH, while the server doesn’t need to have a GUI.

Note

  • Visual Studio Code runs on your personal computer but interacts with the code and files on the Ubuntu Server.

  • This method allows you to avoid installing a GUI on the server, yet still enjoy the full functionality of VS Code for development and remote work.

Observe RAM/ROM resources of system

  1. Use the following command to observe status

    htop
    ../_images/ram_and_rom_resources.png